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1 ἀργός
ἀργός, ή, όν (contr. fr. ἄεργος ‘without performance’, s. ἔργον; Aeschyl., Hdt. et al.; Herm. Wr. 11, 5; ins, pap, LXX; Philo; Joseph.; on the number of endings s. Nägeli 31; B-D-F §69, 1).① pert. to being without anything to do, unemployed, idle (BGU 1078, 6ff [39 A.D.] οὐ γὰρ ἀργὸν δεῖ με καθῆσθαι). Of unemployed in the marketplace Mt 20:3, 6 (Aesop, Fab. 81 H.=291 P.=Babr. 20, 3 ἀργὸς εἱστήκει=stood idle). Of unoccupied widows 1 Ti 5:13 (twice). μὴ ἀ. μεθʼ ὑμῶν ζήσεται Χριστιανός D 12:4.② pert. to being unwilling to work, idle, lazy (Sir 37:11) ἀ. πρὸς τ. ἔντευξιν neglectful of, careless in prayer Hs 5, 4, 3f (ἀ. πρός τι as Vi. Aesopi I c. 15 p. 268, 2 Eberh.; Wsd 15:15). ἐπὶ πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθόν for every good work 1 Cl 34:4 (w. παρειμένος). ὄρνεα ἀ. καθήμενα B 10:4. Of Cretans γαστέρες ἀργαί lazy gluttons Tit 1:12 (fr. Epimenides? cp. Vorsokr.5 3 Fgm. B 1. f [=4th ed. II 188]; Plut., Mor. 1108c. See MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.—With this unfavorable description of persons cp. Diod S 19, 41, 1 ὦ κακαὶ κεφαλαί).③ pert. to being unproductive, useless, worthless (SIG 884, 23f; PAmh 97, 9f; Wsd 14:5; 15:15; Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 86; 88; Jos., Ant. 12, 378) ἡ πίστις χωρὶς τ. ἔργων ἀ. ἐστιν faith without deeds is useless Js 2:20 (νεκρά v.l. and κενή P74); ἀ. εἰς τ. Χριστοῦ ἐπίγνωσιν (w. ἀκαρπος) 2 Pt 1:8 (cp. OdeSol 11:23); ῥῆμα ἀ. a careless utterance which, because of its worthlessness, had better been left unspoken (Pythagoras in Stob., Flor. III 34, 11 p. 684 W. αἱρετώτερόν σοι ἔστω λίθον εἰκῆ βαλεῖν ἢ λόγον ἀργόν; cp. Jos., Ant. 15, 224) Mt 12:36 (EbNestle, Philologica Sacra, 1896, 58f; Jülicher, Gleichn. 126; JViteau, La Vie spirituelle ’31, 16–28: abuse, slander; EStauffer, Von jedem unnützen Wort: EFascher Festschr., ’58, 94–102).—B. 315. DELG s.v. ἔργον. M-M. TW. Spicq.
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